Hyperledger Car Insurance

State machine for a car accident insurance claim

Finite-State Machine

• Mathematical model of computation
• An abstract machine that can be in only one of a finite number of states at one time.
• It can move from one state to another based on inputs
• Changing a state is called a transition
• An example of a state machine in use is a traffic light

States

• States are used to represent a step in a process
• The state you are in may be dictated by data
  • Time in state
  • Balance of account
  • Measurement input
• The state can be read or changed

Identifying the State Data

• For user in Hyperledger Fabric the state can be represented using state data
• It's recommended a variable called state
• The data that controls the state can be stored along with it

State data

• States: [ "No Accident", "Accident Reported", "Awaiting Determine Fault", "Revise Fault", "Repair or Refund", "Police", "Accident Benefits Application Package", "MVACF", "Exclusion", "Complaint Officer", "In Dispute", ];
• State: 0

Identifying the Transition Functions

Transitions are actions that change a state machine from one state to another

• Transitions are triggered by inputs
  • Clock hits a certain time
  • User presses a button
  • Action takes place
• The transition may have conditions that the inputs need to exceed a threshold to move to another state.
  • Must get colder than 0c to freeze
  • Must deposit $50 to no longer have bank account in overdraft
• A state can have zero, one or many transitions to other states

Transitions

// File Accident Report
FileAccidentReport();

// Fill in Proof of Loss Form
FillProofLossForm();

// Determine amount to be covered
DetermineAmountCovered();

// Agree with Insurance Co
AgreeWithInsurance();

// Disagree with insurance company
DisagreeWithInsurance();

// Report that you are victim of a scam or fraud
ReportFraud();

// Apply for Accident benefits
ApplyBenefits();

// Make a claim to MVACF
MakeClaimMVACF();

// Deny Payment
DenyPayment();

// Still Disagree
StillDisagree();

// Apply to AABS
ApplyAABS();

• FillInContract(Name, Address)
• SubmitContract(Name)
• Incomplete(Name)
• Rejected(Name)
• Approved(Name, Phone)

Functions

• CheckContract(Name, Credit, Phone)
• CheckStatus(Name)

Identify the Roles

• A role is a position that someone holds in a process
  • User, Administrator, Buyer, Seller, Adjudicator, System
• You may limit who can execute certain transitions based on roles

Roles

• FillInContract(Name, Address) - buyer
• SubmitContract(Name) - sales agent
• CheckContract(Name, Credit, Phone) - system/manager
• Incomplete(Name) - system
• Rejected(Name) - system
• Approved(Name, Phone) - system
• CheckStatus(Name) - buyer/sales agent/system/manager

Physical Asset in the Network

• Insurance Claim

Possible attributes associated with the Asset

Field	Type	Description
policyNumber	String	Number of the policy
claimStatus	State or Number	Actual status of the process
carInfo.make	String	Make of the car
carInfo.model	String	Model of the car
carInfo.year	String	Year of the car
carInfo.registration	String	Registration number of the car
carInfo.licensePlateNumber	String	Licence plate number of the car
driverInfo.name	String	Name of the driver
driverInfo.licenseNumber	String or null	License number of the driver
driverInfo.insuranceCompanyName	String	Name of driver's insurance company
investigationOfficer.name	String	Name of the officer
investigationOfficer.badgeNumber	String	Number of officer's badge
date	Date	Date of the event
location	String	Location of the event
passengerCount	Number	Number of passenger
injuryDetails	String	Details of the injury
vehicleDamageDetails	String	Details of the vehicle's damage
driverDescriptionOfAccident	[String] or null	Driver's drecription of the accident

Model definition for the asset

const insuraceClaimModal = {
  policyNumber: String,
  claimStatus: State || Number,
  carInfo: {
    make: String,
    model: String,
    year: String,
    registration: String,
    licensePlateNumber: String,
  },
  accidentDetails: {
    driverInfo: [
      {
        name: String,
        licenseNumber: String || null,
        insuranceCompanyName: String,
      },
    ],
    investigationOfficer: {
      name: String,
      badgeNumber: String,
    },
    date: Date,
    location: String,
    passengerCount: Number,
    injuryDetails: String,
    vehicleDamageDetails: String,
    driverDescriptionOfAccident: [String] || null,
  },
};

Instance Description for the Asset

{
  "report": {
    "policyNumber": "1321312411",
    "fileDateTime": "2021-04-23T18:25:43.511Z",
    "dateTime": "2021-04-23T18:25:43.511Z",
    "location": "Toronto ON",
    "mandatoryCoverageOnly": false,

    "reportedToPolice": false,
    "officerName": "",
    "badgeNumber": "",
    "registeredOwner": false,
    "driversName": "Alexandre Barros",
    "licenceNumber": "54352343265464324523",

    "vehicle": {
      "make": "BMW",
      "model": "2021",
      "year": "2021",
      "registration": "2425345345234234234021",
      "licence": "432423423424242342342342021"
    },

    "passengers": "4",
    "injuries": "",
    "damage": "",
    "description": "",

    "drivers": [
      {
        "name": "",
        "licence": "",
        "insuranceCompanie": "",
        "insurancePolicies": ""
      },
      {
        "name": "",
        "licence": "",
        "insuranceCompanie": "",
        "insurancePolicies": ""
      }
    ]
  }
}

The Chaincode

Transitions as Chaincode Functions

• The transitions to change the state and state data should be chaincode functions
• The transition inputs are the function parameters
• The function can check to see if the inputs change the state data past the threshold to change the state
• If the threshold is surpassed the function can change the state variable

Roles as Account

• An account can be assigned to a role
• This can be done at the time of enrollment or after the fact by the administrator account for that organization

Implementation - psuedo-code

FillInContract(Name, Address) { newState=1; putState(Name , {Address: Address, State:
newState)) }
SubmitContract(Name) { newState=2; putState(Name, {State: newState})}
ReviewContract(Name, Credit, Phone) {putState(Name, {Credit: Credit}) if Address is empty
Incomplete() else if Credit Approved(Phone) else Rejected()}
Incomplete(Name) {new State = 1; putState(Name, {State: newState))}
Rejected(Name) {new State = 0; putState(Name, {State: newState))}
Approved(Name, Phone) {new State = 3; putState(Name, {State: newState, Phone: Phone))}
CheckStatus(Name) { return getCurrentState(Name)}

Module: fabric-network

Overview

This module provides a higher level API for interacting with smart contracts, and is the recommended API for client applications to interact with smart contracts deployed to a Hyperledger Fabric blockchain network.

Note that administrative capabilities, such as installing and starting smart contracts, are not currently provided by this API. For only specific advanced usage, the lower level fabric-common API can be used. Access to related fabric-common objects is provided through the fabric-network API objects.

If migrating a client application from an earlier version of the API, consult the migration tutorial for details of potentially breaking changes and recommended actions.

TypeScript definitions are included in this module.

Getting started

The entry point used to interact with a Hyperledger Fabric blockchain network is the Gateway class. Once instantiated, this long-living object provides a reusable connection to a peer within the blockchain network, and enables access to any of the blockchain Networks (channels) for which that peer is a member. This in turn provides access to Smart Contracts (chaincode) running within that blockchain network, and to which Transactions can be submitted or queries can be evaluated.

Private data can be submitted to transactions as transient data to prevent it from being recorded on the ledger.

Client applications can initiate actions or business processes in response to chaincode events emitted by smart contract transactions using smart contract event listeners. All updates to the ledger can be observed using block event listeners.

Example

// Connect to a gateway peer
const connectionProfileJson = (await fs.promises.readFile(connectionProfileFileName)).toString();
const connectionProfile = JSON.parse(connectionProfileJson);
const wallet = await Wallets.newFileSystemWallet(walletDirectoryPath);
const gatewayOptions: GatewayOptions = {
    identity: 'user@example.org', // Previously imported identity
    wallet,
};
const gateway = new Gateway();
await gateway.connect(connectionProfile, gatewayOptions);

try {

    // Obtain the smart contract with which our application wants to interact
    const network = await gateway.getNetwork(channelName);
    const contract = network.getContract(chaincodeId);

    // Submit transactions for the smart contract
    const args = [arg1, arg2];
    const submitResult = await contract.submitTransaction('transactionName', ...args);

    // Evaluate queries for the smart contract
    const evalResult = await contract.evaluateTransaction('transactionName', ...args);

    // Create and submit transactions for the smart contract with transient data
    const transientResult = await contract.createTransaction(transactionName)
        .setTransient(privateData)
        .submit(arg1, arg2);

} finally {
    // Disconnect from the gateway peer when all work for this client identity is complete
    gateway.disconnect();
}

Authors

Name	Git Hub	LinkedIn	Twitter
Alexandre Rapchan B. Barros	@AleRapchan	Alexandre-rapchan	@rapchan

Support

For support, email blockchain@alexandrebarros.com or join our Slack channel.

Revisions

Date	Revision	Description	Author
15/06/2021	0.1	First Draft	Alexandre Rapchan B. Barros
10/07/2021	0.2	Final Review	Alexandre Rapchan B. Barros

Links

• Financial Services Regulatory Authority of Ontario - Claims Process
• Hyperledger Fabric Key Concepts

Code

• Running Your First a Fabric Application
• Key Concepts of Smart Contracts and Chaincode
• Developing Applications
• Code Example Tutorial
• Hyperledger Fabric SDK for Node.js
• Hyperledger Fabric Contract API

Extra

• Running and Testing Smart Contracts for Hyperledger Fabric
• Fabric v2.0 - Decentralized Chaincode Lifecycle Management
• Bitcoin Bay - Hyperledger Fabric
• Fabric v2.0 - Decentralized Chaincode Lifecycle Management
• Hyperledger Fabric: Coding the Fabric with Node

Tools

• Connect Your Servers From VSC
• Yeoman generator for Hyperledger Fabric
• Yeoman Scaffolding Tool
• Log routing for Docker container logs