Rational Matrix Operations in Java

This repository contains a Java project that performs operations on matrices of rational numbers. The project includes classes for defining rational numbers, handling matrix operations, and displaying results.

Features

• Rational Number Representation: Defines rational numbers with methods for basic arithmetic operations.
• Matrix Operations: Implements operations such as addition, subtraction, and multiplication for matrices of rational numbers.
• User Interaction: Handles user input to create matrices and perform operations.
• Result Display: Outputs the results of the matrix operations.

Code Snippets

Main Class

The main class initializes the program, handles user input, and invokes methods for matrix operations.

public class Principal {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        
        // Read matrix dimensions
        System.out.print("Enter the number of rows: ");
        int rows = scanner.nextInt();
        System.out.print("Enter the number of columns: ");
        int cols = scanner.nextInt();

        // Create and read matrices
        TMatrizRacional matrix1 = new TMatrizRacional(rows, cols);
        TMatrizRacional matrix2 = new TMatrizRacional(rows, cols);

        System.out.println("Enter the elements of the first matrix:");
        matrix1.readMatrix(scanner);
        System.out.println("Enter the elements of the second matrix:");
        matrix2.readMatrix(scanner);

        // Perform operations
        TOpMatricesRacionales operations = new TOpMatricesRacionales();
        TMatrizRacional sum = operations.add(matrix1, matrix2);
        TMatrizRacional difference = operations.subtract(matrix1, matrix2);
        TMatrizRacional product = operations.multiply(matrix1, matrix2);

        // Display results
        System.out.println("Sum of matrices:");
        sum.printMatrix();
        System.out.println("Difference of matrices:");
        difference.printMatrix();
        System.out.println("Product of matrices:");
        product.printMatrix();
    }
}

Rational Number Class

The TRacional class represents a rational number and includes methods for arithmetic operations and simplification.

public class TRacional {
    private int numerator;
    private int denominator;

    public TRacional(int numerator, int denominator) {
        this.numerator = numerator;
        this.denominator = denominator;
        simplify();
    }

    private void simplify() {
        int gcd = gcd(numerator, denominator);
        numerator /= gcd;
        denominator /= gcd;
    }

    private int gcd(int a, int b) {
        while (b != 0) {
            int temp = b;
            b = a % b;
            a = temp;
        }
        return a;
    }

    public TRacional add(TRacional other) {
        int num = this.numerator * other.denominator + other.numerator * this.denominator;
        int den = this.denominator * other.denominator;
        return new TRacional(num, den);
    }

    public TRacional subtract(TRacional other) {
        int num = this.numerator * other.denominator - other.numerator * this.denominator;
        int den = this.denominator * other.denominator;
        return new TRacional(num, den);
    }

    public TRacional multiply(TRacional other) {
        int num = this.numerator * other.numerator;
        int den = this.denominator * other.denominator;
        return new TRacional(num, den);
    }

    public TRacional divide(TRacional other) {
        int num = this.numerator * other.denominator;
        int den = this.denominator * other.numerator;
        return new TRacional(num, den);
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return numerator + "/" + denominator;
    }
}

Matrix Class

The TMatrizRacional class represents a matrix of rational numbers and includes methods for reading and printing matrices.

public class TMatrizRacional {
    private TRacional[][] matrix;
    private int rows;
    private int cols;

    public TMatrizRacional(int rows, int cols) {
        this.rows = rows;
        this.cols = cols;
        matrix = new TRacional[rows][cols];
    }

    public void readMatrix(Scanner scanner) {
        for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
                System.out.print("Enter numerator for element [" + i + "][" + j + "]: ");
                int num = scanner.nextInt();
                System.out.print("Enter denominator for element [" + i + "][" + j + "]: ");
                int den = scanner.nextInt();
                matrix[i][j] = new TRacional(num, den);
            }
        }
    }

    public void printMatrix() {
        for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
                System.out.print(matrix[i][j] + " ");
            }
            System.out.println();
        }
    }

    public TRacional getElement(int row, int col) {
        return matrix[row][col];
    }

    public void setElement(int row, int col, TRacional value) {
        matrix[row][col] = value;
    }

    public int getRows() {
        return rows;
    }

    public int getCols() {
        return cols;
    }
}

Matrix Operations Class

The TOpMatricesRacionales class contains methods for performing operations on matrices of rational numbers.

public class TOpMatricesRacionales {
    public TMatrizRacional add(TMatrizRacional m1, TMatrizRacional m2) {
        int rows = m1.getRows();
        int cols = m1.getCols();
        TMatrizRacional result = new TMatrizRacional(rows, cols);

        for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
                TRacional sum = m1.getElement(i, j).add(m2.getElement(i, j));
                result.setElement(i, j, sum);
            }
        }

        return result;
    }

    public TMatrizRacional subtract(TMatrizRacional m1, TMatrizRacional m2) {
        int rows = m1.getRows();
        int cols = m1.getCols();
        TMatrizRacional result = new TMatrizRacional(rows, cols);

        for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
                TRacional difference = m1.getElement(i, j).subtract(m2.getElement(i, j));
                result.setElement(i, j, difference);
            }
        }

        return result;
    }

    public TMatrizRacional multiply(TMatrizRacional m1, TMatrizRacional m2) {
        int rows = m1.getRows();
        int cols = m1.getCols();
        TMatrizRacional result = new TMatrizRacional(rows, cols);

        for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
                TRacional product = new TRacional(0, 1);
                for (int k = 0; k < cols; k++) {
                    TRacional temp = m1.getElement(i, k).multiply(m2.getElement(k, j));
                    product = product.add(temp);
                }
                result.setElement(i, j, product);
            }
        }

        return result;
    }
}

Usage

1. Compile the Java files using a Java compiler (e.g., javac).
2. Run the main class (Principal) to start the program.
3. Follow the prompts to enter the dimensions and elements of the matrices.
4. The program will perform the specified operations and display the results.

Classes and Methods

• Principal: The main class that handles user input and program execution.
  • main(String[] args): The entry point of the program.
• TRacional: A class representing a rational number with methods for arithmetic operations and simplification.
  • TRacional(int numerator, int denominator): Constructor that initializes the rational number.
  • add(TRacional other), subtract(TRacional other), multiply(TRacional other), divide(TRacional other): Methods for arithmetic operations.
  • toString(): Method that returns the string representation of the rational number.
• TMatrizRacional: A class representing a matrix of rational numbers with methods for reading and printing matrices.
  • TMatrizRacional(int rows, int cols): Constructor that initializes the matrix dimensions.
  • readMatrix(Scanner scanner): Method that reads matrix data from the user.
  • printMatrix(): Method that prints the matrix.
  • getElement(int row, int col), setElement(int row, int col, TRacional value): Methods to get and set matrix elements.
• TOpMatricesRacionales: A class containing methods for performing matrix operations.
  • add(TMatrizRacional m1, TMatrizRacional m2): Method that adds two matrices.
  • subtract(TMatrizRacional m1, TMatrizRacional m2): Method that subtracts two matrices.
  • multiply(TMatrizRacional m1, TMatrizRacional m2): Method that multiplies two matrices.